[order] Passeriformes | [family] Tyrannidae | [latin] Myiarchus tyrannulus | [UK] Brown-crested Flycatcher | [FR] Tyran de Wied | [DE] Braunschopftyrann | [ES] Copeton Tiranillo | [IT] Pigliamosche crestato bruno | [NL] Cayennetiran
Subspecies
| Genus | Species | subspecies | Breeding Range | Breeding Range 2 | Non Breeding Range |
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | NA, LA | sw USA to n Argentina | ||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | bahiae | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | brachyurus | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | cooperi | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | cozumelae | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | insularum | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | magister | |||
| Myiarchus | tyrannulus | tyrannulus |
Physical charateristics
Adult Brown-crested Flycatchers are 20.3cm long and weigh 30g, and have heavy bills. The upperparts are olive brown, with a darker head and short crest. The breast is grey and the belly is lemon yellow. The brown tail feathers and wings have rufous outer webs, and there are two dull wing bars. The sexes are similar.
Listen to the sound of Brown-crested Flycatcher
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| wingspan min.: | 0 | cm | wingspan max.: | 0 | cm |
| size min.: | 20 | cm | size max.: | 21 | cm |
| incubation min.: | 0 | days | incubation max.: | 0 | days |
| fledging min.: | 15 | days | fledging max.: | 16 | days |
| broods: | 1 | eggs min.: | 3 | ||
| eggs max.: | 5 |
Range
It breeds in open woodland from southern California, southern Nevada, central Arizona, and southern Texas southward to Argentina and Bolivia, and on Trinidad and Tobago.
Habitat
Inhabits saguaro deserts, riparian deciduous woodlands, and shade trees in urban areas. In Texas, occurs in open woodlands of mesquite, hackberry, and ash; in Arizona, frequents cottonwood, willow, and sycamore woodlands.
Reproduction
The nest is built in a tree cavity or similar natural or man-made hole, and the normal clutch is 3 to 5 eggs, fledging period about 15 days. Young are fed by both parents. Often parasitized by Shiny Cowbird.
Feeding habits
This species primarily eats insects, which it captures by hawking or
gleaning. They have also been observed several times capturing and eating hummingbirds, but this behavior may not be common.This species is a rather skulking insectivore which catches its prey by flycatching amongst the undergrowth; in sometimes also eats fruit.
gleaning. They have also been observed several times capturing and eating hummingbirds, but this behavior may not be common.This species is a rather skulking insectivore which catches its prey by flycatching amongst the undergrowth; in sometimes also eats fruit.
Conservation
This species has a large range, with an estimated global extent of occurrence of 10,000,000 km². It has a large global population estimated to be 7,700,000 individuals (Rich et al. 2003). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e., declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
Migration
It is resident in most of its range, but American breeders retreat to Mexico or southern Florida in winter.
Distribution map
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